CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
The importance of qualified economics teachers and school environment in secondary schools today in particular cannot be overemphasized. Reason being that school environment has a major effect in the quality of education students received. This implies that schools that fail to provide the necessary learning facilities and create a conducive atmosphere for teaching and learning of economics coupled with qualified teachers may hardly put in the best in their students especially in the area of academic performances.
The quality of education not only depends on the teachers teaching performances, but also on how he/she can control the school environment effectively (Ajao, 2001). Many factors might contribute to students’ poor achievement in school which may include: poor study habits and lack of available resource materials, poor school climate, indiscipline, inadequate facilities, teachers’ ineffectiveness, the teaching method and the type of learning environment available for both the students and the teachers, Teacher’s ineffectiveness as a cause of student’s poor performances can narrowed down to their qualification in the subject(s) being taught. Learning can also be said to occur through one’s effective interaction with one’s environment. Environment here refers to availability of facilities that are of good help to facilitate students learning and yield a positive outcome on their academic performances. This environment ranges from books, audio-visual, software and hardware of educational technology; so also, size of classroom, sitting position and arrangement, availability of tables, chairs, chalkboards, shelves on which instruments for practical are arranged (Farrant, 1991 and Farombi, 1998).
On the other hand, the extent at which some teachers, exhibit high level of indiscipline within the school environment does not seem to portray them as role models. Thus, they rather encourage indiscipline among students by their attitudes as this may have negative influence of students’ academic achievement.
Teachers on the other-hand can make or mar the school curriculum; therefore, their adequacy and quality such as qualification, experience, attitude and personality for better service delivery needs to be assessed by the school authority on a regular basis, so that students’ academic performance won’t be jeopardize with.
The availability of qualified teachers is a major determinant in the performance of students in schools Akinsolu (2010).Coonen (1987) emphasizes that teachers who has undergone in-service training were more effective in classrooms as compared to teachers who had not undergone any form of training.
Many scholars and researchers generally are not in agreement that the school environments, which include teacher administration, play a critical role in positive academic performances than other variables (Patrick, 2005). The important role of the teachers in the learning is unquestionable. Teachers have been said to have a lot of influence on their classroom practices. Teachers should have and apply specific teaching skills and abilities that can be reflected in their students’ performance in the subject they teach, in which the students will be able to make connection between whatis taught in school and its application in problem solving in real life.
The influence of teacher quality and school environment on positive academic achievementof students has been an issue of concern to all stakeholders and researchers ineducation. This is crystal clear in the rate of mass failure of studentsin both internal and external examinations which might be narrowed down to lack of basic infrastructural facilities like good buildings and classrooms and teacher quality, experience and competence.However, several research studies have fail to identified other factors such as school climate, discipline and physical facilities, teacher quality, type of location of school and over population of students inclassroom as being responsible for poor academic for pooracademic achievement of students. However, the researcher is examining the effect of teacher’s quality and work environment on secondary school students’ academic performance.
The following are the objectives of this study
Hypothesis 1
HO: Teacher’s quality does not determine secondary school students’ academic performance in economics
HA:Teacher’s quality determine secondary school students academic performance in economics
Hypothesis 2
HO:Work environment does not have any effect on secondary school students academic performance in economics
HA:Work environment does have effect on secondary school students’ academic performance in economics
This study on teacher’s quality and work environment as determinants of secondary school student’s academic performance will cover the assessment of a selected secondary school, its environment and the teachers.
1. Financial constraint- Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
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