Project Topic

EFFECT OF PRIVATIZATION AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF GOVERNMENT OWNED INDUSTRIES A CASE STUDY OF NIGERIA BREWERIES LIMITED 9TH MILE CORNER ENUGU

Project Attributes
 Format: MS word ::   Chapters: 1-5 ::   Pages: 35 ::   Attributes: Questionnaire, Data Analysis,Abstract  ::   702 people found this useful

Project Department

Project Body

CHAPTER ONE

 

 

1.0     INTRODUCTION

 

There is no doubt that privation came in the hesitation of the policy of privatization and the advancing for market based reform.  It has also become an important component of Globalization.

 

     Privatization has since been  endorsed by multi  lateral financial institution as a major plank of adjustment policies , which are being , implemented in a number of developing country including Nigeria, of course in development literature privatization has become the linchpin (things that is most important part of  an organization )  economic liberalism.

 

The advocate of privatization  believe that it is very effective stage for improving operational efficiency ,  broaden share,  ownership , attracting foreign investment and reducing the role of the state in these areas where the private sector  process the capacity  to operate more efficiently and more productivity . (Jerome, 1999; 2)

 

Several countries in the developed and developing world are increasing privatizing state owned   enterprises. (SOES)  indeed, between 1988 and 1994, developing country sold about 3300 state owned enterprises.

 

The rush towards privatization in developing country most especially, has been attributed to the poor performance of publicly owned enterprises which has been largely managed by the staff. In the 70s, state enterprises where prominent in the extractive industries, utilities and infrastructure such as electricity railway, telecommunication etc.  in Nigeria, unfortunately this enterprises become  money guzzling  outfit, rely on regular subsidies  from government and   survived only on the monopoly status they enjoyed.  Many of them were over staffed and were bally managed

 

All of this deficiency necessitated a rethinking on the roll and structure of publicly owned or state owned enterprises like  NEPA. The introduction of  SAP in 1986 set the tone for the process of privatization of public enterprises in Nigeria.

 

 In spite of the foregoing justification for privatization,  it is important to point out ;that the private s sector in Nigeria as depended  largely on the state for; its survival studies have showed that in terms of investment of productivity activities. The private sector in Nigeria has hardly fared better than the government. The privatize sector according to Obadan has not been able to respond adequately  to the country desire for increased production an employment and stable prices  (Obadan, 1998 :89)

 

         An effective privatization programmed requires the existence of a single private sector, productivity oriented bourgeoisie and not a collection of compradors, speculators, and dealers in foreign currencies that dominate the private sector in Nigeria. The character of the Nigeria private sector and the imperfections that characterize the Nigerian business environment constitute the Achilles heel of the Nigerian privatization exercise.

 

     In sample terms: privatization may be defined as the “transfer of ownership and control tights over firms from the public to the private firms from the public to the private sectors”(Jerome,1999). Privatization is however much more complex in practice than is in theory.

 

         In embanking on privatization, government ought to critically examine the specific cities of their situations in order to avoid situations where privatization becomes counterproductive.

 

However there is nothing fervently ultra virus or illegal in the decision of privatization  the government enterprises by the sales of government equity interest there in either partially no fully, thus recommitting the enterprises under joint government/private, or fully private ownership.  It is important for the workers to bear in mind that the basic of   relevant legal authorities. Their cooperate  employer is  well within  its legal right if it decides to sell it interest in enterprises.  The federal government of Nigeria  has legalized its reserve to privatize  or commercialize government owned company/parastatals  by enactment  of the public enterprises (privatization ;and commercialization)  act 1999  here in ;after, referred to as the act. ; the act classifies the government owned companies/parastatals  that shall be privatize into various categories.  There are those where equity head by government shall be fully  privatize such as :

>National electric power authority.

 

        1. Nigerian national petroleum corporation 
        1. steel rolling company limited .
        1. steel rolling company limited
        1. hotel limited
        1. hotel limited.
        1. insurance company limited
        1. steel company limited
        1. port authority.

On the other hand, there are those that are partially commercialized such as to federal radio corporation of Nigeria.   And those that are fully commercialized such as the Nigeria national petroleum corporation.

Therefore this research represent an attempt to search for effect which privatization and commercialization of government owned enterprises has had an the life of these enterprises.  The thesis as well seeks to know whether there should be a continuation of the activities on outright rejection based on its findings.

 

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

 

The period between 1971 to 1980 was a period described in the history of Nigerian brewery is the period of oil beam, within which tune in coherent application of generated revenue from sale of ;crude oil was made.  The various government both states and the federal established may seat industries in various parts of the country some of these industries are established import so much as such of its raw material imputes from overseas countries.  The data turn of the Nigerian fortunes which resulted from global oil glut have a great negatives impact on the economic fortunes of the country.  Nigeria being a mass cultural economy and which depend on the revenue from crude oil to finance her then import oriented economy to as much as ask was effected.

 

In 1986, the Nigeria government applied for a loan of 9.3billion from the international monetary funds (IMF) to finance her ceiling country economy.  The IMF hence presented a set of   constitution which will qualify Nigerians for a loan.  One of theses conditionality will the reduction of government  expresses an public parastatals

 

the proposal was exploited by the government as an avenue that will not only reduce government expenditure, portfolio but also made the much needed revenue available to finance other sectors of the economy.

 

The Nigeria breweries in (NBC) 9th mile corner Enugu incorporated only precisely in the 1993 with (656) sixty five percent ownership by individuals and (356) thirty-five percentage government opened.  As it is now the Nigeria breweries is now and young wearing.  Strong at its peak- it has not made any loss but to forced with problems.

 

The thesis as well seeks to know whether there should be a continuation of the activities on outright rejection based on its findings.

 

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

 

According to author C.I. Mbanefor, in his paper *capital restricting for successful privatization.  There is no doubt that excessive participation by government of the developing countries like Nigeria in business ownership created great imbalance in their economics.  It is obvious that the under lying cause of privatization ecossaise is the attempt to create efficiencies by asking public owned enterprise more productive well as not responsive in the market place and to competitive pressures.  Privatization and commercialization of public owned enterprises is expected to block the drain on government revenue by binging profit spirit into such enterprises as well as provide the needed revenue for the execution of public programs.

 

SYNOISIS; a workshop hold by NECA on JAN 2006 ask is privatization the right approach they are of the believe that enterprises could transform from a state monopoly to private monopoly.  It is not certain that the enterprises will become viable and efficient after privatization.

 

While many rating the council on privatization, during the regime of president Obasanjo, in 2006  stated that *state enterprise suffer from fundamental problems of effective capital structure, excessive bureaucratic control or intervention, inappropriate technology, gross incompetence and mismanagement, blatant conception and crippling complacency which monopoly engenders *(privatization hand=book, 2000, 4). He went further to state that.

 

*we are privatizing for the benefit our economic recovery and serial life.

 

We are not embarking on the exercise to posse the world bank

 

And the IMF.  It is not abort to replace public monopoly with private monopoly.

 

Rather, in our determination to be unyielding and uncompromising in the pursuit of the best interest of the country, we writ to remove the financial burden which these enterprises constitutes on the public and release resources for the functions of government (IBID)

 

PRIVATIZATION IS NOT AN ECONOMIC BUT POLITICAL MATTER.  THERE IS NOTHING; ECONOMIC ABOUT WHAT GOVERNMENT IS CURRENTLY DURING UNDER THE ATTEMPT TO PRIVTISE.  IT IS MERELY TAKING A PARTIAL DECISSION, WHICH SUNTS.  THIS POLITICS, IDEOLOGY SILLIES AND FIONTSBOTH LOCAL AND INTERNATIONAL.  THIS IS BECAUSE NOT ALL ENTERPRISES CURRENTLY BEING PRIVITISED OPERATED AT A LOSS.  MANY OF THEM WERE/ARE VICTIONS OF POLITICISATION AND BUREUCRATISATION. 

 

Government is  merely responding to the ideology of globalization, which is uncritically pursuing.  The federal government decree 28 states it all, that the goal of privatization and commercialization is to reintegrate  Nigeria back into the global economy, as a past form to attract foreign direct investment. (FDI) (Gulotel in ec. Rufei, 2001:5).

This is the primary reason why government is privatizing every other reason is secondary if not unimportant.

 

1.3 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 

The major objective of this study is to economies the impact and extent privatization and commercialization has gone so far in Nigeria as reports the set objects.

 

 

        • to help determines the effectiveness of privatization and commercialization.

 

        • 2) to determines the impact privatization and commercialization has created in Nigerian economy.

 

        • To help differentiate the state monopoly and private monopoly as it affects privatization and commercialization.

 

        • To prove that privatization and commercialization is  not a theory but a practical achievement.

 

        • To help determine and analyses the critics of some individuals and the labour congress as regards commercialization and privatization and make necessary recommendations.

 

        • To study the extent the privatization and commercialization act has really observed to regard its set motives.

 

        • To determine the length of embracement and acceptance of individual in the buying of shares.

 

        • To determines that rate of expansion of shares of government owned companies.

 

        1. To determine the idea of understanding of individual to regards privatization and commercialization.

 

        1. To help make a clearer ground for airing the grudges of unions and individuals on their misconception of privatization and commercialization.

 

        1. To help make or create an attempts for the argument that both privatization and non-privatization on the sales if not worse than.

 

        1. To create a solid ground for this question; is privatization the right approach.1,4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS

The questions to ask:

 

          1. is the implication of privatizing may social service sectors for a developing economy?
          1. that sense a common good?
          1. it not a fear individuals that are coming forward to bid for these enterprises?
          1. Nigerians in whose names and interest these enterprises were required ear beings from such sale?
          1. the research topic=commercialization and privatization?
          1. it have any effect on individuals?
          1. the enabling government exist?
          1. the required legislation in place?
          • Can full privatization process be implemental?
          • Will it increase the economy of the country?
          • Is it geared towards the reforming of companies?
          • -will it bring about a increase in the commitments of workers?
          • Is it employment oriented?
          • Will it geared towards the relation of corruption of workers and managers of companies?
          • Will it have an impact in the cortile of government financial malpractice and general looking of government assets?
          • Is it really a way out for government wastages in embarking on loan held investment ventures.
          • Is privatization and commercialization a social and economy debasement of the masses of this country.
    • OF THE STUDY This study is essential in the fact that privatization and commercialization of public enterprises is being resulted to as for public enterprise.  Unprofitability, inefficiency and unproductively.  Public; enterprises in same western countries were privatized for maximum efficiency and profitability Such enterprises include the British telephone company the British air ways the management of panama- canal the via postal agency etc.

The study is very important especially since privatization and commercialization of publicly owned enterprises is currently-being pursed in derivable with many potential investors still garrant of the benefit derivable from such investment.  Considering the fact that there are mixed literatures on the effect of the activities this research therefore seeks to enlightens the general public about the effect of privatization and commercialization to our inefficient public enterprise.  It will also help the researcher on privatization and commercialization to know more about it.

 

The study is very essential as it reveals the experience of government in managing business both in Nigeria and round the world.  Governments expenses in running business, it the local and international level are depicted to follows:

 

=          Inefficient

 

=          Uncommitted.

 

Reliance on subvention

 

Bureaucratic

 

Loss of  earning.

 

While experiences round the world are experiences else where different from Nigeria.  This does act appear to be the case.

 

Government owned enterprises were notoriously ineffective in meeting demand for services that had become crucial to economic development, for instance.

 

        1. waiting period for telephone installation in Indonesia was  nearly eight years seven years in Philippines and ten years in soviet union and Pakistan.State and enterprises were less makers rather than revenues generators.  World bank studies should that 50E,IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ACCOUNTED FOR ONE=GUARTER TO ONE=HALF OF ALL OUR STANDING DOMESTIC DEBT AND FOR A SUBSTANTIAL PORTION OF FOREIGN BORROWNING.

IN THRILLAND, BE PUBLIS ENTERPRISES ACCOUNTED FOR MORE THAN60% of government’s foreign debt in 1988.

 

There were inefficiencies from lack of competition and the absence of the checks and balances that come with private organizations.

 

In Poland, Hungary, formers soviet union and may Latin American countries, costs did not enter into business strategies and operational decisions. Most of the  joint slots, were overstaffed and had absent technology to compete with western multinationals in the global market.  Eg the state railway of trailed= the government controlled the taffies and nether below the cost, of carryings passengers and fright is the real costs increase

 

Lesion incurred by SOE, in uk were nearly 6,million.

 

In the light of these experiences, it has become glazing that the era of government involvement in which private sector could do so well is over.  It has also become imperative that where government wants the companies it containing to be competitive they have to head of the control of this enterprise.

 

 

        1. RESEARCH HYPOTHESISThe following question? Statements constitute the research hypothesis

 

        1. and commercialization will enhance the performance of affected company.
        •  in what extent is the company coping with the apparent problem of privatization.
        1. are the major implications of the privatization and commercialization programme as it affects the Nigerian  breweries ltd.
        1. and commercialization programmed will stop the drain o public revenue and I increase the number of shareholder.     1.6.  SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 

This research work is limited to a production oriented enterprise work by government which has been partially privatized and was classed as an industrial and commercial enterprise concerned with the development, production, sales and maintenance of wide range of products of public consumption and commercial bases. Hence, they are expected to make profit while change competitive prices.

 

The delimitation to our case study Nigeria breweries LTD was prompted by the fact that it was newly privatized and has gotten deep into the programme. Hence, the research intends to asses efficiency in terms of monetary and financial goings and this can be done effectively with production and industrial based public enterprises which are by law expected to make profit while charging reasonable price.

 

 

 

 

 

    1. OF TERMS.EFFECT: Extent or outcome of privatization and commercialization of government owned industries.

PRIVATIZATION: Going by privatization and commercialization ACT 1999,…. Privatization is the relinquishment of part of  all of the equity and other interests hold by the federal government or its agency in enterprises weather wholly owned or partly owned by the federal government.

 

COMMERCIALIZATION: defined in the ACT 1999 as the reorganization of enterprises wholly or partially owned by the federal government in which such commercialize enterprises shall operate its profit making commercial ventures and without subvention from the federal government.

 

BAJOMO (1):Commercialization is seen as a reward system involving a more towards the pursuit of efficiency and effectiveness in attainment style that takes profit as one of its major goals.

GOVERNMENT OWNED INDUSTRIES: This is where the government has up to 30pencent of equity ownership of company.

SOE – State – Owned Enterprises.

IMF – International Monetary Funds.

FDI – Foreign Direct Investment.

Get the complete project »

Can't find what you are looking for?
Call 0906 809 7513

  • Subscribe to Free Job Alert
    Enter your email below and click subscribe

    LATEST JOB VACANCIES


    We require the services of an experienced Business Development Manager with a wide range of business clientele and a network of c... Read more

    Regulate day-to-day operations of unit in conjunction with Departmental Heads, Manager, Executive Chef, Security. Cordinate and l... Read more

    FINANCE OFFICER

    LEAD Enterprise Support Company Limited in (Lagos State)
    Job Objective: The Finance Officer will assist the Finance/Admin Manager in the implementation of the HMO’s accounting policies an... Read more

    Copyright © 2024 All Right Reserved CVClue
    A Subsidiary of EMINENT INFO TECH VENTURES